Which European countries have mandatory or voluntary military service

Several European countries have either mandatory or voluntary military service in place. Countries like Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Greece, Latvia, Lithuania, Norway, Sweden, and Turkey have mandatory conscription for men of specific ages. On the other hand, countries like the UK, Albania, Czechia, Hungary, and Spain rely on professional armies. Recently, countries like Belgium, the Netherlands, and Poland have introduced or expanded voluntary military service programs in response to security concerns and the need to strengthen their armed forces.